Apparatus for ruling parallel lines.



'No. 723,O39. V PATENTED MAR.17,1903.

. w. SOI-IMITT.-

APPARATUS FOR RULI NG PARALLEL LINES.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 14; 1902.

N0 MODEL. 2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

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Alf e" 0 d No. 723,039. PATENTED MAR. 17,1903.

- WLS'GHMITT.

APPARATUS ,FORRULING PARALLEL LINES. APPLICATION FILED JULY 14, 1902.

NO M ODEL. g5 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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. scription, reference. being bad tothe accom- UNITED STATES) PATENT Fries.

wILnnLM'soHMITT. or STUTTGART, GERMANY.

APPARATUS roe-house PARALLELLENES.

' srnerrrcnrron formingart 6;? Letters Patent no. 723,039, dated march 17, 1903.

Application neam ii, 1902. Serial Il'o. 116,452. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.- v r Be it known that I, WILHELM Sonnrrr'na citizen of the German Empire, residing "at Stuttgart, in the Kingdom of Wiirtemb'erg, Germany,have invented certain new and use-.

ful Improvements in Apparatus for Ruling Parallel Lines, of which the following is adepanying drawings and to the once marked thereon. p a The object of the present invention is an apparatus for ruling parallel lines in any suitable positions and at any distances apart withletters of refer- 1 out the lines becoming confused. It is based on the principle that a revoluble shaft is given a constantly-equal backward rotation about its longitudinal axis by means of toothed wheels or the like, and such a shaft is ar-, ranged so as to be revoluble relatively to the sides of asset square or a polygonal-sided figare. vBy the backward rotation of this shaft 9 around its longitudinal axis the sides of the set square or polygonal figure are moved backward at certain distance, which is the greater as the axis of the shaft is brought more nearly, parallel to the. particular side of the set square or polygonal figure. If the revoluble shaft stands, for'example, exactly parallel to i the hypotenuseof, the set square and it is rotated backward around its longitudinal axis, it follows that the greatest sliding movement is imparted to the hypotenuse. If, on

the other hand, the shaft in question stands perpendicular to the hypotenuse,. it will easily be seen that no transverse movement is imparted, to the hypotenuse-that is to On the ranged in any other position between these .atwo before mentioned and is rotated back-' wardthe'transverse movement of the hypotenuse of the triangular piece is the greater the more nearly parallel that the axis of the shaft is to the hypotenuse of the triangular piece and is less the nearer the axis of therevoluble shaft approaches a position perpendicular to the hypotenuse. .The backward rotation is eifected in. a simple manner by a toot-hedo wheelimounted firmly on the shaft, in the teeth of which a spring engages, and the said wheel may he set in rotation, togetherwith the shaft, by a slight finger-pressure, which must be just snffieient to overcome ,the resistance of the spring.

The objectof theinvention is clearly shown in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a plan View of the hatching apparatus. Fig.2 is a section on the line AA of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a section on the line-B B of Fig'. 1. Fig. 4 is a detail View of the turning-plate, the shaftbeiug removed. Fig. 5 is a plan of a slightly-modified form of'the apparatus. Fig. 6 is a section on line'A A of Fig. 5. Fig. 7' is a similar view of a toothed wheel of a different description.

In thedrawings, a represents a'. set square of the usual type for drawing lines at an angle. A circular opening is provided in this set square, in which opening a turning plate I) is fixed, being inserted from below in a groove in the edges of the recess and held from ahoveby means of curved springs c, attached to the plate. The springs permita sliding rotation of the plate in the opening in the set square. Two pieces 01 are stamped outopposite'on'e another in this plate and are bent vertically upward and form the bearings f, in which the shaft is is rigidly fixed.

On this shaft is revolubly arranged the hollow shaft 9, with the wheels 6, which run on the drawing-surface and move the apparatus. The bearings f are so arranged relatively to the springs c, which stand at one hundred and twenty degrees from one another, that one spring 0 is always vertical to the shaft g.

This spring 0 is provided with a notch c, by means of which the distance of the shaft from the vertical to one of the sides of the set square may be read ed by means of a scale which is marked around the circumference of the opening in the. set square in which the turning plate is arranged. After the moving of the shaft into the working position the set square is moved backward. The turning back of the shaft is such that the hatching can be effected by drawing linesalonga suitable side of the set square. In the middle of the shaft g a toothed wheel h is arranged. A spring i, which is also stamped out from the turning plate band isbent upward and provided with a catch 6, engages with this wheel, and when a slight finger-pressure is applied to the latter the shaft is moved backward from the side of the set square in question,

moving the latter backward. Themore the shaft is adjusted out of parallelism to the side of the set square in question so much greater isthe backward movement of the said side produced by the rotation of the toothed wheel and so much wider is the resulting crosshatching.

' dime-shading on a drawing instead of crosshatching.v I do not restrict myself to the particular form of square shown.

I declare that what I claim is- 1; In an apparatus for ruling parallel lines,

thecombination of a figure. having sides of the required contour, a turning plate rcvolu bly IHOLIDtGdrlIl an opening in said figure, a shaft mounted on said turning plate, means for checking the rotation of ,the shaft, and means lnounted on the shaft whereby when rotated it may'move the'figuro over" the paper.

-' p 2. In ail-apparatus for ruling'parallel lines,

having an opening in its center, a turning plate revolubly mounted in said opening, a shaftrevolubly mounted the combination of a figiure having sides of the required contouran on said turningplate, means'mounted-on said shaft for working on the drawing-surface, a 'toothed wheel mounted on said shaft, and a spring adapted to engage with the toothed Wheel, and to check its rotation, whereby the figure may be moved backward by the re quired amount each time before a line is ruled, substantially as described.

3. In an apparatus for ruling parallel lines,

the combination of a figure having sides of the required contour. a turning plate mounted in an opening in said figure, a-shaft mount- 7 ed on said turning'plate, means mounted on said shaft for working on the drawing-surface,

a toothed wheel having teeth of varying size,

and 'a check-spring adapted to engage .in the teeth of said wheel, whereby shading-lines may be produced on the drawing, substantially as described.

' 1 In testimony whereof-I affik mysignature in presence of two witnesses.

WILHELM SCIIM'I'PT;

\Vitnesses a WALTER SOHWAEBS(H,' 

